Milestones: 1899–1913 - Office of the Historian (2024)

Milestones: 1899–1913

NOTE TO READERS
“Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations” has been retired and is no longer maintained. For more information, please see the full notice.

President Theodore Roosevelt’s assertive approach to Latin America and the Caribbean has often been characterized as the “Big Stick,” and his policy came to be known as the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.

Milestones: 1899–1913 - Office of the Historian (1)

President Theodore Roosevelt

Although the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 was essentially passive (it asked that Europeans not increase their influence or recolonize any part of the Western Hemisphere), by the 20th century a more confident United States was willing to take on the role of regional policeman. In the early 1900s Roosevelt grew concerned that a crisis between Venezuela and its creditors could spark an invasion of that nation by European powers. The Roosevelt Corollary of December 1904 stated that the United States would intervene as a last resort to ensure that other nations in the Western Hemisphere fulfilled their obligations to international creditors, and did not violate the rights of the United States or invite “foreign aggression to the detriment of the entire body of American nations.” As the corollary worked out in practice, the United States increasingly used military force to restore internal stability to nations in the region. Roosevelt declared that the United States might “exercise international police power in ‘flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence.’” Over the long term the corollary had little to do with relations between the Western Hemisphere and Europe, but it did serve as justification for U.S. intervention in Cuba, Nicaragua, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic.

Milestones: 1899–1913 - Office of the Historian (2024)

FAQs

How to cite the Office of the Historian milestones? ›

The Office of the Historian can be cited using the following format: "Office of the Historian, U.S. Department of State" . The office is responsible for the production and publication of the Foreign Relations of the United States series and has emerged as a model for public history .

What was defending U.S. international interests in 1899 1913? ›

Defending U.S. International Interests

These policies included the promotion of the "Open Door" policy in China and the attachment of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine that formally announced the intention to use military force to defend the Western Hemisphere against European incursions.

What was the Open Door Policy in 1899? ›

What was the Open Door policy? The Open Door policy was a statement of principles initiated by the United States in 1899 and 1900. It called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity.

What happened to the milestones in the history of U.S. foreign relations? ›

“Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations” has been retired and is no longer maintained.

Is Office of the Historian credible? ›

The Office of the Historian is staffed by professional historians who are experts in the history of U.S. foreign policy and the Department of State and possess unparalleled research experience in classified and unclassified government records.

What happened in 1899 in American history? ›

February 6 – Spanish–American War: A peace treaty between the United States and Spain is ratified by the United States Senate. February 10 – Spanish–American War: The U.S. receives the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico as a result of the Treaty of Paris.

What policy was proposed by the US in 1899 that would allow all nations to have equal opportunities to trade in China? ›

The Open Door Policy was a major statement of United States foreign policy issued in 1899 and 1900 intended to protect the rights of all countries to trade equally with China and confirming multi-national acknowledgment of China's administrative and territorial sovereignty.

Which US foreign policy dominated its defense efforts from 1945 to 1989? ›

The policy of containment later informed the “domino theory,” which stated that one country falling to Communism meant the surrounding countries were likely to fall as well. This policy ultimately pushed the United States to enter into wars in Korea, Vietnam, and other Cold War conflicts.

Why did the United States devise the open door policy in 1899? ›

These Open Door Notes aimed to secure international agreement to the U.S. policy of promoting equal opportunity for international trade and commerce in China, and respect for China's administrative and territorial integrity.

Was the open door policy successful? ›

The Open Door Notes were only partially successful. While the countries that received the Notes agreed conditionally to act according to the policy, none actually signed it.

Why is the United States proposes the open door policy in 1899 intervention? ›

The Open Door Policy was a diplomatic principle proposed by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay in 1899. It aimed to ensure equal trading rights for all nations and prevent any single power from monopolizing trade with China, which was then under threat of colonization.

What are the milestone documents in world history? ›

Among the documents included in the set are iconic legal and constitutional documents such as the Code of Hammurabi, Magna Carta, Meiji Constitution, and the Constitutive Act of the African Union; famous treatises such as the Plato's "Allegory of the Cave," the Communist Manifesto, and Osama bin Laden's Declaration of ...

Which early American event was most significant to the foundation of the country? ›

1770s: Declaration of Independence (1776)

The centrality of the Declaration of Independence (1776) to the developments of the 1770s is self-evident.

How did America redefined its foreign policy between 1890 and 1914? ›

Abstract. Between 1890 and 1914, the United States acquired overseas colonies, built a battleship fleet, and intervened increasingly often in Latin America and East Asia. This activism is often seen as the precursor to the country's role as a superpower after 1945 but actually served very different goals.

How do you cite a government office in APA? ›

Name of Government Department, Agency or Committee. (Year of Publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given (edition if given and is not first edition). Publisher Name.

Do you cite historical events? ›

You Do Not Need to Cite When

You are using "common knowledge," things like folklore, common sense observations, myths, urban legends, and historical events (but not historical documents)

How do you cite historical sources? ›

The crucial points to cover in your citation should include the following:
  1. Author or creator's name.
  2. Title of the work.
  3. Date.
  4. Publication information.
  5. Collection name.
  6. Box and folder.
  7. Repository (archive that houses the material)
May 13, 2024

How do you cite Herodotus in MLA? ›

Citation Data
  1. MLA. Herodotus. Herodotus : the Histories. London, Eng. ; New York :Penguin Books, 1996.
  2. APA. Herodotus. ( 1996). Herodotus : the histories. London, Eng. ; New York :Penguin Books,
  3. Chicago. Herodotus. Herodotus : the Histories. London, Eng. ; New York :Penguin Books, 1996.

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